This book highlights the latest research on the sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genome, discusses the strategy of the sesame genome project, and reveals potential value of genome information for the genetic analysis of key biological processes and for devising improved breeding strategies.

Considering its high oil content and quality, together with its small genome size, sesame is generally seen as the “model oil crop” for exploring biochemical fatty acid synthesis. Accordingly, the Sesame Genome Working Group (SGWG) launched the Sesame Genome Project in 2010, and successfully completed it in 2015.

The sesame seed is characterized by high oil (50–60%) and antioxidant content and is widely regarded as the “queen of the oil seeds”. At present, sesame is mainly grown in the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and Southern America.